The Dragon Boat Festival, also called the Duanwu Festival, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by eating zong zi (glutinous rice(糯米)wrapped to form a pyramid using bamboo or reed leaves) and racing dragon boats.
The festival is best known for its dragon-boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes. This regatta(赛舟会)commemorates the death of Qu Yuan , an honest minister who is said to have committed suicide by drowning himself in a river.
Qu was a minister of the State of Chu situated in present-day Hunan and Hubei provinces, during the Warring States Period (475-221BC)(战国时代). He was upright, loyal and highly esteemed for his wise counsel that brought peace and prosperity to the state. However, when a dishonest and corrupt prince vilified Qu, he was disgraced and dismissed from office. Realizing that the country was now in the hands of evil and corrupt officials, Qu grabbed a large stone and leapt into the Miluo River on the fifth day of the fifth month. Nearby fishermen rushed over to try and save him but were unable to even recover his body. Thereafter, the state declined and was eventually conquered by the State of Qin.
The people of Chu who mourned the death of Qu threw rice into the river to feed his ghost every year on the fifth day of the fifth month. But one year, the spirit of Qu appeared and told the mourners that a huge reptile(爬虫类)in the river had stolen the rice. The spirit then advised them to wrap the rice in silk and bind it with five different-colored threads before tossing it into the river.
During the Duanwu Festival, a glutinous rice pudding called zong zi is eaten to symbolize the rice offerings to Qu. Ingredients such as beans, lotus seeds(莲子), chestnuts(栗子), pork fat and the golden yolk of a salted duck egg are often added to the glutinous rice. The pudding is then wrapped with bamboo leaves, bound with a kind of raffia and boiled in salt water for hours.
The dragon-boat races symbolize the many attempts to rescue and recover Qu's body. A typical dragon boat ranges from 50-100 feet in length, with a beam of about 5.5 feet, accommodating two paddlers seated side by side.
A wooden dragon head is attached at the bow, and a dragon tail at the stern(船尾). A banner hoisted on a pole is also fastened at the stern and the hull is decorated with red, green and blue scales edged in gold. In the center of the boat is a canopied shrine behind which the drummers, gong(铜锣)beaters and cymbal(铙钹)players are seated to set the pace for the paddlers. There are also men positioned at the bow to set off firecrackers, toss rice into the water and pretend to be looking for Qu. All of the noise and pageantry creates an atmosphere of gaiety and excitement for the participants and spectators alike. The races are held among different clans, villages and organizations, and the winners are awarded medals, banners, jugs of wine and festive meals.
端午节 (2008年,国度正式划定为Public Holiday,放假三天)
蒲月初五,是我们中国年历的一个节日-端午节.
这个节日,是咱们裹粽子的日子.每一年的这一天,许多人家都会包裹粽子,许许多多不同滋味不同品种的粽子, 都会在这个粽香的节令纷纭出现.
关于端午节的由来,其实向来都说法不一.有些人都将它视为是留念于五月初五投汨罗江的爱国诗人屈原.有人说 ,这一个节日在古代,是一个消毒避疫的日子.
依据文献上的记载,以及历代相传风行下来的许多端午习俗,五月被视为"毒月"、"恶月",五月初五是九毒之 首,所以这一天便流传了许多驱邪、消毒和避疫的特别习俗如插蒲子艾叶、喝雄黄酒、祭五瘟使者等 .
后来的后来,端午节的意义起了变化.人们为了纪念爱国诗人屈原的爱国精力及高尚的人格,将这个始终流传的端 午原意给忘了,
gucci bags,把一些本来未必是纪念屈原的划龙船及包粽子等习俗,接洽到他的身上.
当初大局部得人都只记得端午节跟屈原有关,
chastitybelt,而其实一些新一代的年青人对屈原的故事也不多大的印象了.他们晓得的是,这是吃粽子的节日,如 斯罢了.
关于端午节赛龙舟,其实现在不是端午节的到来赛龙舟的竞赛名目也是处处有.从驱邪避疫,到纪念屈原,端午节 的意思起了很大的变更.
这个节日的原意,在年复一年的社会变迁中慢慢的受到" 鲸吞".
今天,这个节日变成了一个中国人美食的节日.从旧有的角黍,粽子制造到今天的各式各样多姿多彩的包粽.许多 的地方都融入本人的处所美食特色在粽子中.
实在,端午节的重要风俗是赛龙舟.对于龙舟的竞渡,文字的记载始于公元五百年前梁代吴均的的《续齐谐记》. 较后,很多的记载中都能够找到有关赛龙舟的文字记载.现存中国各地的数千种方志中,共有227种方志有龙舟 竞渡的记录.
端午划龙舟,龙舟竞渡的说法,包含有"民众舟齐动身,赶往丞救屈原."及"一呐喊鼓乐吓退蛟龙.".这些都 让人联想到屈原.
每年的端午,在中国大江南北以及南洋一带的华族,都还会举行龙舟竞渡,倡导端午龙舟赛.
端午节的传说战国时期,楚秦争取霸权,诗人屈原很受楚王重视,然而屈原的主意受到上官大夫靳尚为首的保守派 的反对,一直在楚怀王的眼前毁谤屈原,楚怀王匆匆疏远了屈原,有着弘远抱负的屈原倍感痛心,他怀着难以克制 的愁闷悲愤,写出了《离骚》、《天向》等不朽诗篇.
公无前229年,秦国攻占了楚国八座城池,接着又派使臣请楚怀王去秦国议和.屈原看破了秦王的 诡计, 冒死进宫陈说利弊,楚怀王岂但不听,反而将屈原逐出郢都.楚怀王如期赴会,一到秦国就被软禁起来,楚怀王懊 悔交加,忧郁成疾,三年后客逝世于秦国.楚顷衰王即位未几,秦王又派兵攻打楚国,顷衰王仓惶撤退京城,秦兵 攻占郢城.屈原在放逐途,
salvatore ferragamo shoes,接连听到楚怀王客死和郢城攻破的噩耗后,万念俱灰,
irish setter red wing,仰天长叹一声,投入了滚滚洪流的汩罗江.
江上的渔夫和岸上的庶民,据说屈原大夫投江自杀,都纷纷来到江上,奋力打捞屈原的尸体,纷纷拿来了粽子、鸡 蛋投入江中,有此郎中还把雄黄酒倒入汪中,以便药昏蛟龙水兽,使屈原大夫尸体免遭损害.
从此,每年五月初--屈原投江殉难日,楚国国民都到江上划龙舟,投粽子,以此来纪念巨大的爱国诗人,端午节的风气就这样传播下来 .